Google bot extracts text once it finds urls and once google finds your website, it will discover pages and after discovering pages, it will start crawling process and index your website and in this process you can see index coverage report status in Search console index report section and you can see how many pages are indexed and pages which are not indexed as well.
Note: For new websites it takes time to index and it can. take time and you need to make sure that you have submitted sitemap file in google search console and request indexing your home page website url and make all pages discoverable and crawlable by google bot. If you have blocked google bot then it will not index pages.
How Search Engine Works and Ranking
Search engine performs several activities order to deliver search results and the exact way how Google search engine works is by their algorithms by Google crawling and indexing. Its most debatable by the algorithm updates and every SEO knows how algorithm works but they are wrong and Google algorithm uses machine learning and artificial intelligence as well and this is how Google tells how google search engine works.
Crawling:
Process of fetching all the WebPages linked to a website. This task is performed by software called a crawler or a spider or Google bot in case of Google and explained easily about google crawling here.
Search engine works by crawling as the first stage of getting information to get indexed in Google. You can block crawling or restrict crawling by adding disallow directives in robots.txt file and once seen by Google bot will not crawl your webpage and this is how search engine work with crawling.
Indexing:
Process of creating index for all the fetched WebPages and keeping them into a giant database from where it can later be retrieved. For all intents and purposes the process of indexing is identifying the words and expressions that best describe the page and assigning the page to particular keywords.
Search engine works by crawling and indexing as the main key factor after the crawling process is done successfully then it comes to the relevancy of a webpage and uniqueness of a page, duplication and based on the Google algorithm indexes the pages giving you the position of the webpage on Google search and this is how Google search engine works by Indexing and this indexing is not sure it will be changed with time. Your No.1 ranked page cannot be on top of Google search for long time until and unless it is well optimized.
Processing
When a search request comes the search engine processes it. It compares the search string in the search request with the indexed pages in the database.
Discovered Currently Not Indexed in Search Console
If you are seeing discovered currently not indexed when you fetch url for indexing or seeing this message in page indexing report then this is not an error, this means that google discovered but not indexed your url yet.
Crawled Currently Not Indexed
If you are seeing crawled currently not indexed in page indexing report – this means that google crawled url for indexing but google did not find helpful to index the page. Sometimes, this status can be crawled currently not indexed but when you fetch url for indexing the url will be indexed as it takes times to updated status in search console.
Calculating Relevancy
It is likely that more than one page contains the search string. So the search engine stars calculating the relevancy of each of the page in its index to the search string.
Retrieving Results is the Last step in the search engine activities is retrieving the best matched results. Basically it is nothing more than simply displaying them in the browser.
Related Google Search Engine Optimization Articles:
1. Importance of Content in SEO
2. Indexed though blocked by robots.txt file issue Fix Errors
3. 2018 New Features of Google Search Console: URL Inspection, Index Status
4. Difference between Fetch and Fetch and Render in Search Console
Search engines such as Google and yahoo often update their relevancy algorithm dozens of times per month. When you see changes in your ranking it is due to an algorithm shift or something else outside of your control. Although the basic principle of operation of all search engines is the same, the minor difference between their relevancies leads to major changes in results relevancy.
What is Search Engine Rank?
When you search any keyword using a search engine, it displays thousands of results found in its database. A page ranking is measured by the position of WebPages displayed in the search engine results. If a search engine is putting your webpage on the first position, then your WebPages is rank will be number 1 and it will be assumed as the page with the highest ran.
More SEO Tips
1. Why Fetch as Google Redirected in Search Console for URL
Search engine optimization is the process of developing a website to attain a high rank in search engine results and Search engine mechanism helps to reduce to the user and exactly optimize for the user and provide information what he is looking on your webpage.